St. Mary's County, Maryland Tropical Cyclone History
Since 1859, 27 tropical cyclones have passed within 50 miles of St. Mary's County, Maryland — about one every 6.2 years. Of those, 2 were at hurricane strength at their closest approach. The most recent was Elsa (2021), which passed 33 miles away on 9 July 2021.
Storm tracks within 50 miles
How strong they get
Key facts
- Most recentElsa (2021) — 33 mi away, 9 July 2021
- Strongest stormUnnamed Storm (1878) — 83 kt (96 mph) at its strongest within 50 miles
- Closest pass on recordIsaias (2020) — 1.2 miles
- Closest major hurricane (Cat 3+)None on record
- Passes within 25 miles11 of 27
- Peak monthSeptember — 11 storms (41% of all)
- Most active year1886 — 2 storms
- Most active decade1870s and 1880s — 4 storms
- Major hurricanes (Cat 3+) within 50 mi0
- Record span1859–2021
When storms arrive
| J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 11 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Activity by decade
| 1850s | 1860s | 1870s | 1880s | 1890s | 1900s | 1910s | 1920s | 1930s | 1940s | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Every tropical or subtropical cyclone within 50 miles
| Storm | Closest approach | Distance | Status | Wind |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elsa (2021) | 9 Jul 2021 | 32.9 mi | TS / TD | 48 kt |
| Isaias (2020) | 4 Aug 2020 | 1.2 mi | TS / TD | 59 kt |
| Hanna (2008) | 6 Sep 2008 | 11.6 mi | TS / TD | 45 kt |
| Ivan (2004) | 18 Sep 2004 | 7.8 mi | TS / TD | 17 kt |
| Bertha (1996) | 13 Jul 1996 | 20.3 mi | TS / TD | 60 kt |
| Dean (1983) | 30 Sep 1983 | 28.7 mi | TS / TD | 32 kt |
| Bret (1981) | 1 Jul 1981 | 35.5 mi | TS / TD | 27 kt |
| Bob (1979) | 14 Jul 1979 | 45.4 mi | TS / TD | 20 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1963) | 3 Jun 1963 | 18.2 mi | TS / TD | 40 kt |
| Brenda (1960) | 30 Jul 1960 | 43.1 mi | TS / TD | 50 kt |
| Connie (1955) | 13 Aug 1955 | 11.6 mi | TS / TD | 57 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1944) | 2 Aug 1944 | 4.7 mi | TS / TD | 35 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1943) | 1 Oct 1943 | 10.9 mi | TS / TD | 47 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1934) | 4 Sep 1934 | 31.4 mi | TS / TD | 29 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1933) | 23 Aug 1933 | 25.6 mi | TS / TD | 60 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1904) | 15 Sep 1904 | 31.9 mi | TS / TD | 60 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1893) | 23 Oct 1893 | 34.3 mi | TS / TD | 39 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1888) | 11 Sep 1888 | 14.0 mi | TS / TD | 35 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1886) | 2 Jul 1886 | 41.8 mi | TS / TD | 35 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1886) | 23 Jun 1886 | 23.2 mi | TS / TD | 30 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1882) | 11 Sep 1882 | 38.3 mi | TS / TD | 47 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1878) | 23 Oct 1878 | 37.7 mi | Cat 1 | 82 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1876) | 18 Sep 1876 | 41.6 mi | TS / TD | 60 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1874) | 29 Sep 1874 | 29.1 mi | TS / TD | 50 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1872) | 26 Oct 1872 | 24.1 mi | TS / TD | 40 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1863) | 18 Sep 1863 | 43.7 mi | TS / TD | 50 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1859) | 17 Sep 1859 | 43.8 mi | TS / TD | 55 kt |
Post-tropical and extratropical passes
A further 15 systems passed within 50 miles after losing tropical characteristics. These are excluded from the counts above because they were no longer tropical cyclones at their closest approach — but several were highly damaging, so they are listed here. Showing the 9 most recent.
| Storm | Status | Closest approach | Distance | Wind |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chantal (2025) | Remnant low | 7 Jul 2025 | 39.1 mi | 21 kt |
| Ophelia (2023) | Post-tropical | 24 Sep 2023 | 35.5 mi | 20 kt |
| Zeta (2020) | Post-tropical | 29 Oct 2020 | 28.9 mi | 45 kt |
| Ernesto (2006) | Post-tropical | 2 Sep 2006 | 9.1 mi | 40 kt |
| Cindy (2005) | Post-tropical | 8 Jul 2005 | 15.2 mi | 25 kt |
| Jeanne (2004) | Post-tropical | 29 Sep 2004 | 9.0 mi | 25 kt |
| Gordon (2000) | Post-tropical | 19 Sep 2000 | 9.3 mi | 24 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1945) | Post-tropical | 18 Sep 1945 | 25.8 mi | 35 kt |
| Unnamed Storm (1877) | Post-tropical | 4 Oct 1877 | 22.6 mi | 55 kt |
How St. Mary's County, Maryland compares
Among the 2,208 U.S. counties and county-equivalents that have recorded at least one tropical cyclone within 50 miles, St. Mary's County, Maryland ranks #583 — more exposed than 73.6% of them. Within Maryland it ranks #4 of 24, against a state average of 20.3 storms per county.
Notable storms
- Cat 2 Unnamed Storm (1878) passed 38 miles away on 23 October 1878 as a hurricane, reaching 83 kt (96 mph) while within 50 miles.
- TS / TD Unnamed Storm (1933) passed 26 miles away on 23 August 1933 as a hurricane, reaching 63 kt (72 mph) while within 50 miles.
- TS / TD Unnamed Storm (1904) passed 32 miles away on 15 September 1904 as a tropical storm, reaching 61 kt (70 mph) while within 50 miles.
- TS / TD Unnamed Storm (1876) passed 42 miles away on 18 September 1876 as a tropical storm, reaching 61 kt (70 mph) while within 50 miles.
24 of the 27 storms made a documented landfall somewhere along their track.
How often to expect a storm
A return interval of 6.2 years does not mean storms arrive on a schedule. It is simply 27 storms spread over the 167 years from 1859 to 2025. 1 separate year saw more than one storm pass within 50 miles while decades have gone by with none. The longest recorded quiet stretch was 29 years, between 1904 and 1933. It has been 4 years since the last one; 11 of the 25 gaps in this record were longer than that.
Common questions
How many hurricanes have hit St. Mary's County, Maryland?
2 tropical cyclones have passed within 50 miles of St. Mary's County, Maryland at hurricane strength since 1859. Counting all tropical cyclones — including tropical storms and depressions — the total is 27.
When was the last hurricane in St. Mary's County, Maryland?
Unnamed Storm (1933), on 23 August 1933, passing 26 miles away — 93 years ago. The most recent tropical cyclone of any strength was Elsa (2021) in 2021.
What was the strongest storm to affect St. Mary's County, Maryland?
Unnamed Storm (1878), which reached 83 kt (96 mph) while within 50 miles; its closest approach was 38 miles.
How often do hurricanes hit St. Mary's County, Maryland?
On average, one tropical cyclone passes within 50 miles every 6.2 years — 27 storms over the 167 years from 1859 to 2025, the end of the HURDAT2 record. That is a historical average, not a schedule or a forecast.
Nearby counties
St. Mary's County, Maryland borders or sits close to 6 other counties with a published storm record. Northumberland County, Virginia has 38 on record.